If you get any side-effects, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side-effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side-effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme at: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard. By reporting side-effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine. How to store this product Matthys H, Eisebitt R, Seith B, Heger M. Efficacy and safety of an extract of Pelargonium sidoides (EPs 7630) in adults with acute bronchitis. A randomised, doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Phytomedicine. 2003;10(suppl 4):7-17. It holds a coumarin compound that acts as a blood thinner, an anticoagulant. Therefore, you should refrain from taking it if you are on prescription anticoagulants like warfarin, etc. It may result in excessive bleeding. For the same reason, you should stop consuming pelargonium sidoides at least two weeks before a dental procedure or surgery.

In 140 children with tonsillitis, taking Pelargonium sidoidesextracts produced a significantly better improvement in acute symptoms than placebo. Pelargonium reduced the severity of symptoms and shortened the duration of sore throat by at least 2 days. Antibiotics (erythromycin or doxycycline) significantly reduced cough at follow-up in adults with acute bronchitis compared with placebo (4 RCTs, n=275, 32.9% versus 50.8%, NNT 6 [4 to 16]; moderate quality evidence). This significant reduction was seen in a subgroup of RCTs of doxycycline compared with placebo (2 RCTs, n=210, 22.9% versus 42.6%, NNT 6 [4 to 14]; moderate quality evidence) but not erythromycin compared with placebo (low quality evidence). A. Fever, diarrhoea, restlessness, dark coloured urine, fatigue and stomach disturbances are some common side effects. However, due to insufficient research, some individuals like pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and even children should refrain from its consumption. Q. How can you use geranium oil? Scientists claim that Pelargonium Sidoides can help fight upper respiratory tract infections like bronchitis, sinusitis, and the common cold. That is because it naturally increases the body’s healing ability. For example, individuals with acute bronchitis ultimately can resolve the symptoms within a week of its consumption. Antibiotics reduced the number of people who had 'any cough' or 'night cough' at follow-up, with a number needed to treat of 6 or 7. However, the timing of follow-up is unclear, varying between studies from 2 to 18 days after treatment started.

7. Marketing authorisation holder

On theoretical grounds Kaloba should not be used where there is a likelihood of increased tendency to bleeding or use of coagulation-inhibiting drugs. This medicinal product does not require any special storage conditions. 6.5 Nature and contents of container Honey significantly reduced the frequency and severity of cough at 1 day follow-up compared with placebo, no treatment or an antihistamine (diphenhydramine) by about 0.5 to 2 points on a carer‑reported 7-point Likert scale in children and young people with an acute cough caused by an upper respiratory tract infection (low to moderate quality evidence). Carer responses about cough symptoms ranged from 'extremely' (6 points) to 'not at all' (0 points), but it was not clear how these responses were defined. Kaloba is an orange to light brown, viscous syrup. 4. Clinical particulars 4.1 Therapeutic indications Although there are no data on cases of overdose, overdose is likely to increase side-effects. Thus, treatment should be symptomatic and as clinically indicated. 5. Pharmacological properties 5.1 Pharmacodynamic properties

Honey was well tolerated in the studies, and is readily available. However, it should not be given to children under 1 year of age because of concerns about infant botulism. It also contains sugars, and the committee discussed concerns about tooth decay. Dextromethorphan (as a single 30‑mg dose) was no more effective than placebo for reduction in cough frequency or reduction in cough severity in 1 RCT of adults with acute cough (very low quality evidence). However, in another RCT, a single 30‑mg dose of dextromethorphan significantly reduced cough counts (not further defined) in adults (mean changes of cough counts between dextromethorphan and placebo varied from 19% to 36%, p<0.05; very low quality evidence). A third RCT found that a single 30‑mg dose of dextromethorphan significantly reduced cough bouts (average treatment difference 12% to 17%, p=0.004), cough components (p=0.003), cough effort (p=0.001) and cough latency (p=0.002) compared with placebo in adults with acute cough (very low quality evidence).But there's limited evidence to show these work. Hot lemon with honey has a similar effect to cough medicines. Antibiotics (erythromycin, amoxicillin or doxycycline) significantly reduced the mean number of days of cough in adults and children with acute bronchitis compared with placebo or no active treatment by about half a day (7 RCTs, n=2,776; moderate quality evidence). This significant reduction was also seen in studies that compared antibiotics with placebo only (6 RCTs, n=2,350; moderate quality evidence). No significant differences were found for individual antibiotics in subgroup analyses. Proposed mechanisms of virus-induced cough in patients with ARTI include effects on the airway epithelium such as cytokine release by inflamed epithelial cells associated with increased neurotransmitter and neural receptor levels and reduced activity of neutral endopeptidases, as well as effects on cholinergic motor pathways like bronchoconstriction and airway hyperresponsiveness caused by increased leukotriene production and mucus hypersecretion through superficial goblet cells and submucosal glands [ 6, 8, 9].

Children aged 6-12 years should take 5ml of the syrup three times a day (morning, midday, evening).Kaloba is of pharmaceutical quality and has been manufactured to European Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) Guidelines For meta-analysis, data on cough intensity as rated by the investigator was sought from the rating scale that was most commonly used across the eligible studies. For AB, data on cough severity for our analysis therefore derived from the applicable item of the investigator-rated Bronchitis Severity Scale (BSS). For CC, information on cough derived from the observer-rated Cold Intensity Score (CIS). Both items rate the severity of cough on a verbal rating scale ranging from 0 (‘absent’) to 4 points (‘very severe’). Day 7 had previously been identified as the most commonly reported time point of pre-defined day of follow up in most ARTIs [ 29, 31]. We therefore considered absolute intraindividual score change of the severity of cough at day 7 compared to baseline the most appropriate outcome in AB. In the subset of CC trials, day 5 was considered relevant in accordance with earlier research [ 35]. Moreover, the proportions of participants with complete remission of cough as well as with an at least 50% cough score reduction as compared to baseline were determined for those patients reporting cough at baseline. For analysis of disease-related quality of life (QoL), we also sought data from the rating scale that was most commonly used across eligible studies. We therefore analyzed health-related QoL as assessed by means of the European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire, a descriptive system that comprises the 5 dimensions of mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, each of which is self-rated on a 3-point scale ranging from 1 (no problems) to 3 (extreme problems) [ 37]. In trials performed in children and adolescents, EQ-5D-3L was not assessed. We therefore analyzed data derived from the Children’s Health Status Questionnaire [Fragebogen zum Gesundheitszustand fur Kinder (FGK)] [ 38], a 6 item QoL questionnaire. By means of this questionnaire, participants of the studies or their caregivers were asked to rate each of the items (‘Everything is too much for me’, ‘I am feeling ill’, ‘I am scared’, ‘I have trouble playing or learning’, ‘I sleep badly’, ‘I have problems getting into conversation with others’) on a scale ranging from 1 to 5 points with values being represented by verbalizations (‘not at all’ through ‘very distinctive’) as well as by matching pictograms of faces. There is no particular guideline for the approximate intake of pelargonium sidoides supplements. However, the safe dosage may vary according to the severity of the disease. In addition, factors like general health, weight, sex, age and ongoing medication can influence it.