a b "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Sudden Cardiac Arrest?". NHLBI. June 22, 2016 . Retrieved 16 August 2016.

Deb, S; Wijeysundera, HC; Ko, DT; Tsubota, H; Hill, S; Fremes, SE (20 November 2013). "Coronary artery bypass graft surgery vs percutaneous interventions in coronary revascularization: a systematic review". JAMA. 310 (19): 2086–95. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.281718. PMID 24240936. Upshaw, Charles (18 April 2007). "Henry J. L. Marriott: Lucid Teacher of Electrocardiography". Clinical Cardiology. 30 (4): 207–8. doi: 10.1002/clc.6. PMC 6652921. PMID 17443652. Congenital heart defects are partly preventable through rubella vaccination, the adding of iodine to salt, and the adding of folic acid to certain food products. [95] Some defects do not need treatment. [94] Other may be effectively treated with catheter based procedures or heart surgery. [100] Occasionally a number of operations may be needed. [100] Occasionally heart transplantation is required. [100] With appropriate treatment outcomes, even with complex problems, are generally good. [94]Endereços das representações consulares portuguesas (postos e secções consulares) no estrangeiro: https://portaldascomunidades.mne.gov.pt/ Golomb Beatrice A.; Dang Tram T.; Criqui Michael H. (2006-08-15). "Peripheral Arterial Disease". Circulation. 114 (7): 688–699. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.593442. PMID 16908785. S2CID 5364055.

FREIDA Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology (IM) Residency and Fellowship Listing". freida.ama-assn.org . Retrieved 2022-03-28. Persistent Truncus Arteriosus - Pediatrics". MSD Manual Professional Edition . Retrieved 2022-06-19. Charlson, FJ; Moran, AE; Freedman, G; Norman, RE; Stapelberg, NJ; Baxter, AJ; Vos, T; Whiteford, HA (26 November 2013). "The contribution of major depression to the global burden of ischemic heart disease: a comparative risk assessment". BMC Medicine. 11: 250. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-250. PMC 4222499. PMID 24274053. Heart defects are the most common birth defect. [95] [101] In 2013 they were present in 34.3 million people globally. [101] They affect between 4 and 75 per 1,000 live births depending upon how they are diagnosed. [95] [99] About 6 to 19 per 1,000 cause a moderate to severe degree of problems. [99] Congenital heart defects are the leading cause of birth defect-related deaths. [95] In 2013 they resulted in 323,000 deaths down from 366,000 deaths in 1990. [23] Tetralogy of Fallot [ edit ] Essential hypertension is the form of hypertension that by definition has no identifiable cause. It is the most common type of hypertension, affecting 95% of hypertensive patients, [73] [74] [75] [76] it tends to be familial and is likely to be the consequence of an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Prevalence of essential hypertension increases with age, and individuals with relatively high blood pressure at younger ages are at increased risk for the subsequent development of hypertension.

Navigation menu

Echocardiography (or "echo") uses standard two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and Doppler ultrasound to create images of the heart.